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- Title
Vitamin A (VA) alone or combined with retinoic acid (VARA) in the neonatal period improves the secondary response to tetanus toxoid (TT) in VA-deficient rats.
- Authors
Sankaranarayanan, Sandhya; Yifan Ma; Nan-Qian Li; Bryson, Mary; Ross, A. Catharine
- Abstract
We have tested whether giving VA early in life can improve the antibody response to later immunization. Using a rat model, we compared 3 treatments given to neonates (d-6-8) on the anti-TT primary (1°) IgG response at 3 wk of age, and the secondary (2°) anti-TT IgG as well as the 1° IgG response to a novel TD antigen (KLH) given at 8 wk. Neonates were given either oil (control); VA alone; retinoic acid (RA); or VA & RA (10:l, VARA); 1d before, with, and 1d after TT immunization. At 3 wk of age, the 1° anti-TT IgG response was determined and rats were then weaned onto either VA-deficient (VAD) or VA-sufficient (VAS) diet. Results: Anti-TT 1° IgG in controls was 41-67% lower compared to the other 3 groups, though non-significant. At 9 wk, in VAD rats, anti-TT 2° IgG in VA and VARA groups were 6- & 5-fold > control (P≤0.05). Anti-KLH 1° IgG in VA and VARA groups were 8- & 5-fold > control and RA, respectively (P≤0.05). Plasma and liver retinol determinations confirmed that neonatal supplementation with VA or VARA maintained concentrations above critical levels, while it was not a factor in rats fed VAS diet post-weaning. Conclusions: VA and VARA given in the neonatal period increased the later life recall response of VAD rats to TT, as well as improved their 1° response to a novel antigen. When neonatal VA supplementation prevents the onset of VA deficiency, the benefit on the antibody response is evident at a later age.
- Subjects
VITAMIN A; IMMUNIZATION; NEWBORN infants; TRETINOIN; VITAMIN A deficiency; LABORATORY rats
- Publication
FASEB Journal, 2007, Vol 21, Issue 5, pA49
- ISSN
0892-6638
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1096/fasebj.21.5.a49