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- Title
Gender-based eating norms, the family environment and food intake among Costa Rican adolescents.
- Authors
Monge-Rojas, Rafael; Colón-Ramos, Uriyoán; Chinnock, Anne; Smith-Castro, Vanessa; Reyes-Fernández, Benjamín
- Abstract
<bold>Objective: </bold>To examine the association between family environment variables (parenting styles, family meal atmosphere), gender-based stereotypes and food intake in Latin American adolescents.<bold>Design: </bold>Structural equation modelling applied to cross-sectional data, 2017.<bold>Setting: </bold>Urban and rural sites of San José, Costa Rica.<bold>Participants: </bold>n 813; 13-18 years old.<bold>Results: </bold>Data suggest direct associations between gender-based stereotypes and intake of fruits and vegetables (FV) (β = 0·20, P < 0·05), unhealthy foods (fast food (FF)) (β = -0·24, P < 0·01) and ultra-processed foods (β = -0·15, P < 0·05) among urban girls; intake of legumes among rural girls (β = 0·16, P < 0·05) and intake of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSB) among rural boys (β = 0·22, P < 0·05). Family meal atmosphere was associated with legume intake (β = 0·19, P <·05) among rural girls. Authoritative parenting style was associated with FV intake (β = 0·23, P < 0·05) among urban boys and FF intake (β = 0·17, P < 0·05) among urban girls. Authoritarian parenting style was associated with FV consumption (β = 0·19, P < 0·05) among rural boys, and with SSB and FF consumption (β = 0·21, P < 0·05; β = 0·14, P < 0·05, respectively) among urban girls.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>Findings are the first to describe the complex family environment and gender-based stereotypes within the context of a Latin American country. They emphasise the need for culturally relevant measurements to characterise the sociocultural context in which parent-adolescent dyads socialise and influence food consumption.
- Subjects
FOOD habits; RESEARCH; VEGETABLES; CROSS-sectional method; RESEARCH methodology; INGESTION; MEDICAL cooperation; EVALUATION research; PARENTING; COMPARATIVE studies
- Publication
Public Health Nutrition, 2021, Vol 24, Issue 15, p4840
- ISSN
1368-9800
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1017/S1368980021000835