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- Title
Efficiency of entomopathogenic nematodes (Rhabditida: Heterorhabditidae and Steinernematidae) on the codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) under controlled conditions.
- Authors
Yağci, Mürşide; Özdem, Ayşe; Erdoğuş, F. Dolunay; Ayan, Erdoğan
- Abstract
Background: The codling moth (CM), Cydia pomonella (L). (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), is an important pest of apple in Turkey and other apple producing countries in the world. Several control methods are available for reducing the pest populations. Entomopathogenic nematode (EPNs), for example, can be used as a potential alternative to chemical insecticides to control codling moth larvae in the soil as eco-friendly management their hosts that can actively find them in cryptic locations. Results: Efficacy of 4 EPN isolates, Steinernema carpocapsae (Bakışlı), S. feltiae (ES-3), Heterorhabditis bacteriophora (TOK-20) and H. bacteriophora (11-KG) for controlling the 1st instar larvae of the codling moth (Cydia pomonella L.) was investigated under controlled laboratory conditions. Codling moth was susceptible to different rates to all the 4 EPN isolates. All nematode trials were more effective than the control (water). The overall mortality caused by S. carpocapsae (Bakışlı 05) was significantly higher than the other EPN species. S. carpocapsae was the most effective with the highest tested concentration (100 IJs/larva), killing 82.63% of codling moth larvae, followed by S. feltilae (ES-3), with a mortality rate of 71.5%. H. bacteriophora (TOK-20) exhibited the least mortality at 25 IJs/larva concentration in all experiments. Conclusion: The study proved that these nematodes were very efficient and could be used to control codling moth in biological control programs.
- Subjects
TURKEY; CODLING moth; INSECT nematodes; LEPIDOPTERA; STEINERNEMATIDAE; TORTRICIDAE; RHABDITIDA; APPLE growing
- Publication
Egyptian Journal of Biological Pest Control, 2021, Vol 31, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1110-1768
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s41938-021-00399-1