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- Title
Experimental methods in chemical engineering: Micro‐reactors.
- Authors
Macchi, Arturo; Plouffe, Patrick; Patience, Gregory S.; Roberge, Dominique M.
- Abstract
Whereas the bulk chemical industry has historically sought economic advantage through economies of scale, a paradigm shift has researchers developing systems on smaller scales. Nano‐cages and nano‐actuators increase selectivity and robustness at the molecular scale. In parallel, micro‐contactors with sub‐millimetre lateral dimensions are decreasing boundary layers that restrict heat and mass transfer and thus meet the objectives of process intensification with great increases in productivity with a smaller footprint. These contactors continue to serve chemical engineers and chemists to synthesize fine chemicals and characterize catalysts; however, they have now been adopted for sensors in biological and biochemical systems. A bibliometric analysis of articles indexed in the Web of Science in 2016 and 2017 identified five major clusters of research: catalysis and bulk chemicals; nanoparticles; organic synthesis and flow chemistry; systems and micro‐fluidics applied to biochemistry; and micro‐channel reactors and mass transfer. In the early 1990s, less than 100 articles a year mentioned micro‐reactors, while over 943 articles mentioned it in 2017. Here, we introduce micro‐reactors and their role in the continuous synthesis of fine chemicals across the various scales to commercialization.
- Subjects
FLOW chemistry; ORGANIC synthesis; MASS transfer; CHEMICAL engineering; SMALL scale system; BIOSENSORS; NUCLEAR reactor safety measures
- Publication
Canadian Journal of Chemical Engineering, 2019, Vol 97, Issue 10, p2578
- ISSN
0008-4034
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/cjce.23525