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- Title
ADHD and depressive symptoms in adolescents: the role of community violence exposure.
- Authors
Stickley, Andrew; Koposov, Roman; Koyanagi, Ai; Inoue, Yosuke; Ruchkin, Vladislav
- Abstract
<bold>Purpose: </bold>Comorbid depression is common in adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). As yet, however, little is known about the factors associated with co-occurring depression in this population. To address this research gap, the current study examined the role of community violence exposure in the association between ADHD symptoms and depression.<bold>Methods: </bold>Data came from 505 Russian adolescents [mean age 14.37 (SD = 0.96)] who had teacher-reported information on ADHD symptoms that was collected in conjunction with the Social and Health Assessment (SAHA). Adolescent self-reports of witnessing and being a victim of community violence were also obtained while depressive symptoms were self-assessed with an adapted version of the Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D). Logistic regression analyses were performed to examine associations.<bold>Results: </bold>In univariable analyses, both witnessing and being a victim of violence were associated with significantly increased odds for depressive symptoms in adolescents with ADHD symptoms compared to non-ADHD adolescents who had not experienced community violence. However, in the multivariable analysis only being a victim of violence continued to be associated with significantly increased odds for depression [odds ratio (OR) 4.67, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.33-16.35].<bold>Conclusion: </bold>Exposure to community violence may be associated with depression in adolescents with ADHD symptoms. Clinicians should enquire about exposure to community violence in adolescents with ADHD/ADHD symptoms. Early therapeutic interventions to address the effects of violence exposure in adolescents with ADHD may be beneficial for preventing depression in this group.
- Subjects
YOUTH with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; VIOLENCE in the community; ADOLESCENCE; LOGISTIC regression analysis
- Publication
Social Psychiatry & Psychiatric Epidemiology, 2019, Vol 54, Issue 6, p683
- ISSN
0933-7954
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.1007/s00127-019-01662-5