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- Title
Introduction of a new recombinant vaccine based on GRP78 for breast cancer immunotherapy and evaluation in a mouse model.
- Authors
Zare, Hamed; Bakherad, Hamid; Nasr Esfahani, Arman; Norouzi, Mohamad; Aghamollaei, Hossein; Mousavi Gargari, Seyed Latif; Mahmoodi, Fatemeh; Aliomrani, Mahdi; Ebrahimizadeh, Walead
- Abstract
Introduction: Breast cancer is one of the most prevalent malignancies in women. Several treatment options are available today, including surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Immunotherapy, as a highly specific therapy, involves adaptive immune responses and immunological memory. In our present research, we used the recombinant C-terminal domain of the GRP78 (glucose- regulated protein 78) protein to induce an immune response and investigate its therapeutic impact in the 4T1 breast cancer model. Methods: BALB/c mice were immunized with the cGRP78 protein. The humoral immune response was assessed by ELISA. Then, BALB/c mice were injected subcutaneously with 1×106 4T1 tumor cells. Subsequently, tumor size and survival rate measurements, MTT, and cytokine assays were performed. Results: The animals receiving the cGRP78 vaccine showed significantly more favorable survival and slower tumor growth rates compared with unvaccinated tumor-bearing mice as the negative control mice. Circulating levels of tumoricidal cytokines such as IFNγ were higher, whereas tolerogenic cytokines such as IL-2, 6, and 10 either did not increase or had a decreasing trend in mice receiving cGRP78. Conclusion: cGRP78 vaccines generated potent immunotherapeutic effects in a breast cancer mouse model. This novel strategy of targeting the GRP78 protein can promote the development of cancer vaccines and immunotherapies for breast cancer malignancies.
- Subjects
MICE; BREAST cancer; HUMORAL immunity; LABORATORY mice; IMMUNOLOGIC memory; ANIMAL disease models; GLUCOSE-regulated proteins
- Publication
BioImpacts, 2024, Vol 14, Issue 2, p1
- ISSN
2228-5652
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.34172/bi.2023.27829