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- Title
Visceral Leishmaniasis–Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Coinfected Patients Are Highly Infectious to Sandflies in an Endemic Area in India.
- Authors
Singh, Om Prakash; Chaubey, Rahul; Kushwaha, Anurag Kumar; Fay, Michael P; Sacks, David; Sundar, Shyam
- Abstract
In an area endemic with Indian visceral leishmaniasis (VL), we performed direct xenodiagnosis to evaluate the transmission of Leishmania donovani from patients with VL–human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection to the vector sandflies, Phlebotomus argentipes. Fourteen patients with confirmed VL-HIV coinfection, with a median parasitemia of 42 205 parasite genome/mL of blood, were exposed to 732 laboratory-reared pathogen-free female P argentipes sandflies on their lower arms and legs. Microscopy revealed that 16.66% (122/732) of blood-fed flies were xenodiagnosis positive. Notably, 93% (13/14) of the VL-HIV group infected the flies, as confirmed by quantitative polymerase chain reaction and/or microscopy, and were 3 times more infectious than those who had VL without HIV.
- Subjects
INDIA; SAND flies; VISCERAL leishmaniasis; LEISHMANIA donovani; IMMUNODEFICIENCY; PHLEBOTOMUS
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2024, Vol 229, Issue 6, p1909
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiae156