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- Title
Social and Cognitive Effects of Smartphone Use in Face-to-Face Verbal Interactions.
- Authors
Johnson, Timothy J.; Kaiser, Marygrace Y.; Swan, Alexander B.
- Abstract
Smartphone possession is on the rise in the United States, and their presence may have detrimental effects in face-to-face (f2f) interactions. Two potential theories were explored: expectation violation theory, which suggests that smartphone presence in a conversation could lead to negative social evaluations, and cognitive load theory, which suggests that smartphone use during f2f conversations could be a distraction. Participants engaged in a scripted dyadic conversation scenario with a confederate, where the confederate did or did not appear to use a smartphone during the conversation, and/or the participant did or did not use a smartphone for a simultaneous texting task. In each condition, participants were asked to socially evaluate their confederate partner's conversation behavior and perform a conversation recognition task. As predicted, participants had more negative social evaluations for behaviors of confederate partners using their smartphones (ηp² = .07) and scored lower on the recognition task (ηp² = .22) when engaged in their own smartphone use. Results of this study suggest social and cognitive rationales for not using smartphones in f2f interactions and encourage continued research on the effects smartphones may have in different f2f interactions.
- Subjects
UNITED States; COGNITIVE load; BEHAVIORAL assessment; POTENTIAL theory (Mathematics); EXPECTANCY theories; SOCIAL sciences education
- Publication
Psi Chi Journal of Psychological Research, 2019, Vol 24, Issue 4, p265
- ISSN
2164-8204
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.24839/2325-7342.JN24.4.265