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- Title
The impact of domestication and crop improvement on arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis in cereals: insights from genetics and genomics.
- Authors
Sawers, Ruairidh J. H.; Ramírez‐Flores, M. Rosario; Olalde‐Portugal, Víctor; Paszkowski, Uta
- Abstract
ContentsSummary1135I.Introduction1135II.Recruitment of plant metabolites and hormones as signals in AM symbiosis1136III.Phytohormones are regulators of AM symbiosis and targets of plant breeding1137IV.Variation in host response to AM symbiosis1137V.Outlook1137Acknowledgements1139References1139 Summary: Cereals (rice, maize, wheat, sorghum and the millets) provide over 50% of the world's caloric intake, a value that rises to > 80% in developing countries. Since domestication, cereals have been under artificial selection, largely directed towards higher yield. Throughout this process, cereals have maintained their capacity to interact with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi, beneficial symbionts that associate with the roots of most terrestrial plants. It has been hypothesized that the shift from the wild to cultivation, and above all the last c. 50 years of intensive breeding for high‐input farming systems, has reduced the capacity of the major cereal crops to gain full benefit from AM interactions. Recent studies have shed further light on the molecular basis of establishment and functioning of AM symbiosis in cereals, providing insight into where the breeding process might have had an impact. Classic phytohormones, targets of artificial selection during the generation of Green Revolution semi‐dwarf varieties, have emerged as important regulators of AM symbiosis. Although there is still much to be learnt about the mechanistic basis of variation in symbiotic outcome, these advances are providing an insight into the role of arbuscular mycorrhiza in agronomic systems.
- Subjects
DOMESTICATION of plants; VESICULAR-arbuscular mycorrhizas; SYMBIOSIS; GRAIN; PLANT genetics; PLANT hormones
- Publication
New Phytologist, 2018, Vol 220, Issue 4, p1135
- ISSN
0028-646X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/nph.15152