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- Title
Sulfonated Hydrothermal Carbon-Based Catalyzed Esterification under Microwave Irradiation: Optimization and Kinetic Study.
- Authors
Tumkot, Laddawan; Quitain, Armando T.; Kida, Tetsuya; Laosiripojana, Navadol; Shotipruk, Artiwan; Boonnoun, Panatpong
- Abstract
In this study, the esterification reaction of oleic acid (OA) with methanol was investigated in the presence of a sulfonated hydrothermal carbon-based catalyst under microwave irradiation. The reaction conditions were optimized using response surface methodology based on a central composite design. Three following variables were studied: methanol to OA molar ratios (2.5:1-7.5:1), reaction time (50-70 min) and catalyst loading (2-5 wt.%) to provide a statistical model with the coefficient of regression (R²) of 0.9407. Based on the model, the optimum OA conversion of 95.6% was predicted at 5.8:1 methanol to OA molar ratio, 60 min and 3.05 wt.% catalyst loading. The experimental validation indicated that the model gave a good prediction of OA conversion (2.8% error). Furthermore, the reaction was found to be reasonably described by the pseudo-first order kinetics. The dependency of the reaction rate constant on temperatures gave a value of the activation energy of 64 kJ/mol.
- Subjects
OLEIC acid; ESTERIFICATION; MICROWAVES; ACTIVATION energy; CATALYSTS; IRRADIATION; BASE catalysts
- Publication
Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis, 2020, Vol 15, Issue 2, p514
- ISSN
1978-2993
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.9767/bcrec.15.2.7040.514-524