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- Title
Nectar secretion strategy in three Japanese species: changes in nectar volume and sugar concentration dependent on flower age and flowering order.
- Authors
Kato, Shinya; Sakai, Satoki
- Abstract
We explored how changes in nectar volume and nectar sugar concentration depend on flower age and flowering order in Gentiana triflora Pallas var. japonica (Kusnez.) Hara, Lobelia sessilifolia Lamb., and Hemerocallis middendorffii Trautv. et Mey. var. esculenta (Koidz.) Ohwi. In G. triflora var. japonica and H. middendorffii var. esculenta, change in nectar volume was small, whereas larger changes in nectar sugar concentration occurred depending on flower age. In L. sessilifolia, both the mean nectar volume and nectar sugar concentration clearly decreased with flower age. In all species, the mean nectar volume of the early-flowering group per plant was high. In terms of the change in sex allocation, the investment in male and female organs of the early-flowering group was high in G. triflora var. japonica and L. sessilifolia. We suggest that plants of G. triflora var. japonica and H. middendorffii var. esculenta secrete floral nectar for up to several days to sustain nectar volume to keep attracting pollinators while simultaneously reducing resource usage. Greater nectar secretion in the early-flowering group, in which flowers have more pollen and ovules, may contribute to greater reproductive success and may be effective for pollinators in learning the location of the plants and flowers. In addition, learning by pollinators should result in increased reproductive success of the later blooming flowers.
- Subjects
HONEY plants; PLANT physiology; PLANT reproduction; LOBELIA; GENTIANA; DAYLILIES; PLANT species; POLLINATORS; NECTAR
- Publication
Botany, 2008, Vol 86, Issue 4, p337
- ISSN
1916-2790
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1139/B07-131