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- Title
The neonicotinoids acetamiprid and imidacloprid impair neurogenesis and alter the microglial profile in the hippocampal dentate gyrus of mouse neonates.
- Authors
Nakayama, Akira; Yoshida, Manami; Kagawa, Nao; Nagao, Tetsuji
- Abstract
Acetamiprid (ACE) and imidacloprid (IMI) are widely used neonicotinoid pesticides. They bind selectively to insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) and are considered non‐hazardous to mammals. Few studies have assessed the activation of vertebrate nAChRs and the neurodevelopmental toxicity following in utero or neonatal exposure to neonicotinoids; therefore, we evaluated the effects of ACE or IMI exposure on neurogenesis and microglial profiles in the developing hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) of mouse neonates. Mice were exposed to ACE, IMI (both 5 mg/kg/day) or nicotine (0.5 mg/kg/day) from postnatal day (P)12 to P26 by oral gavage. On P27, brains were removed, and neurogenesis and microglial activation in the hippocampal DG were examined via immunohistochemistry. A reduction in neurogenesis in the hippocampal DG of neonates following ACE, IMI and nicotine treatment was found. Additionally, neonicotinoid‐exposed newborns showed an increase in the number of amoeboid‐type and activated M1‐type microglia. These results suggest that exposure to ACE and IMI impairs neurogenesis and alters microglial profiles in the developing hippocampal DG following oral dosing in an early postnatal period. A better understanding of the potential effects of these pesticides on human infant health is an important goal of our research. Neonicotinoids are a commercially important class of insecticides. Their mode of insecticidal action, along with the neurodevelopmental toxicity of nicotine, makes it crucial to clarify their neurotoxic potential. We investigated neurogenesis and inflammation in the dentate gyrus following the exposure of mouse neonates to acetamiprid and imidacloprid. Our findings suggest that neonicotinoids induce neurodevelopmental toxicity associated with abnormal microglial profiles in the hippocampus of mouse neonates.
- Subjects
NEONICOTINOIDS; IMIDACLOPRID; LABORATORY mice; PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of pesticides; MICROGLIA; POSTNATAL development in animals; DEVELOPMENTAL neurobiology
- Publication
Journal of Applied Toxicology, 2019, Vol 39, Issue 6, p877
- ISSN
0260-437X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/jat.3776