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- Title
Maternal self-efficacy and 1–5-year-old children's brushing habits.
- Authors
Finlayson, Tracy L.; Siefert, Kristine; Ismail, Amid I.; Sohn, Woosung
- Abstract
Objectives: This study investigates the relationships between maternal cognitive, behavioral, and psychosocial factors and brushing practices in low-income African-American preschool children. Methods: Data are from a population-based sample of 1021 African-American families with at least one child <6 years of age and living in the 39 low-income Census tracts in Detroit, Michigan. Analyses were limited to 1–5-year-old children and their mothers ( n = 719). Mothers were surveyed about oral health-related self-efficacy (OHSE), knowledge about appropriate bottle use (KBU), knowledge about children's oral hygiene (KCOH), oral health fatalism (OHF), their own toothbrushing behavior, depressive symptoms (CES-D), parenting stress, practical social support, and their child's dental history. Children's 1-week reported brushing frequency was the main outcome measure. Analyses were conducted insudaan to account for the complex sampling design. Results: Children's 1-week brushing frequency (range 0–40) averaged 8.50 times per week among 1–3-year olds and 9.75 among the 4–5-year olds. Maternal OHSE was a strong and significant predictor of children's brushing frequency; for each unit increase in OHSE, 1–3-year olds were expected to brush 18% more frequently on average during 1 week [incidence density ratios (IDR) = 1.18, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.08–1.28; P < 0.001], and 4–5-year olds were expected to brush 9% more often (IDR = 1.09, 95% CI 1.00–1.19; P < 0.10). Mothers’ KCOH score was also significantly positively associated with brushing frequency; for each unit increase on the KCOH scale, 1–3-year olds were expected to brush 22% more frequently (IDR = 1.22, 95% CI 1.10–1.35; P < 0.001) and 4–5-year olds were expected to brush 13% more frequently (IDR = 1.13, 95% CI 1.02–1.26; P < 0.05). If a mother brushed her own teeth at bedtime during the week, her 1–3-year old child's brushing frequency was expected to increase by one-third (IDR = 1.34, 95% CI 1.12–1.60; P < 0.01) and among the 4–5-year olds, the child's frequency was expected to increase by one-quarter (IDR = 1.26, 95% CI 1.12–1.42; P < 0.001). Availability of help with transportation and financial support were also relevant variables for 1–3-year olds. Higher family income and dental insurance coverage were both positively associated with brushing among 4–5-year olds. Conclusions: Several maternal cognitive, behavioral, and psychosocial factors were associated with young children's brushing practices. Oral health-specific self-efficacy and knowledge measures are potentially modifiable cognitions; findings suggest that intervening on these factors could help foster healthy dental habits and increase children's brushing frequency early in life.
- Subjects
UNITED States; PEDIATRIC research; PSYCHOSOCIAL factors; CHILDREN'S dental care; ORAL hygiene; PRESCHOOL children; AFRICAN American children; LOW-income parents
- Publication
Community Dentistry & Oral Epidemiology, 2007, Vol 35, Issue 4, p272
- ISSN
0301-5661
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1600-0528.2007.00313.x