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- Title
Self-efficacy in the context of online learning environments: A review of the literature and directions for research.
- Authors
Hodges, Charles B.
- Abstract
The purpose of this paper is to examine the construct of self-efficacy in the context of online learning environments. Self-efficacy is defined as “beliefs in one's capabilities to organize and execute the courses of action required to produce given attainments” (Bandura, <BIBR>1997</BIBR>, p. 3). Traditionally, the four main sources of self-efficacy development are enactive master experiences, vicarious experiences, verbal persuasion, and physiological and affective state (Bandura, <BIBR>1997</BIBR>). In this paper, self-efficacy is introduced in general. Research related to academic self-efficacy and self-efficacy in online learning environments is reviewed. The study of self-efficacy in online learning environments is new relative to the construct of self-efficacy. Research on self-efficacy and the use of computers in instructional situations has been included to broaden the literature base. The development of self-efficacy beliefs in online environments is highlighted as well as self-efficacy assessment issues. Possible areas of self-efficacy research in online environments are suggested, including pedagogical agents, persuasive feedback, and self-efficacy assessment.
- Subjects
SELF-efficacy; RESEARCH; INTERNET in education; 360-degree feedback (Rating of employees); COMPUTER assisted instruction; PERSUASION (Psychology)
- Publication
Performance Improvement Quarterly, 2007, Vol 20, Issue 3/4, p7
- ISSN
0898-5952
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/piq.20001