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- Title
Immunotherapeutic Effects of Purple Mulberry (Morus rubra) Extract in Colorectal Cancer: Efficacy in vitro.
- Authors
GÜRLEYEN, Rukiye; DURMUŞ, Ezgi; KOÇYİĞİT, Abdürrahim
- Abstract
Introduction: In this study, we aimed to evaluate the cytotoxic effects of purple mulberry, a red fruit, on colorectal adenocarcinoma cells, to investigate the effect of purple mulberry extract on the expression level of PD-1 protein, and to show how the T cell-mediated cytotoxic effect on colorectal cancer cell lines co-cultured with T cells changed after purple mulberry administration. Method: In line with these objectives, 80% ethanolic purple mulberry extract was prepared from the purple mulberry fruit. Content analysis of this extract, total phenol, total flavonoid, and total antioxidant determination were measured. The proliferation of colon cancer cell lines (HT-29 and Jurkat-T cells) was evaluated using MTT and WST-1 cell viability assays. ELISA tests were performed according to the user instructions, and cytokine levels in T cell supernatants were measured. Results: Total phenol, flavone, and antioxidant activities were measured at 125 ug GAEeq/mg, 50 ug QUEeq/mg, and 25% ABTS scavenging capacity, respectively. By MTT cell viability assays, the 48-h 50% cell killing value (IC50) of Morus rubra extract at different concentrations (25-2,500 ug/mL) on HT-29 colon cancer was found to be 2,000 UG/mL. The proliferative effect of Morus rubra extract on Jurkat T cells was measured by the WST-1 cell viability assay, and the 48-h 50% cell killing value was found to be >3,000 ug/mL, whereas an increase in cell proliferation was observed in the dose range of 1,000-1,500 ug/mL compared with the control. A significant increase in cytokine levels was observed, especially at doses (1,000-2,000 ug/mL) where T cells proliferated. Conclusion: It was shown that the ethanolic extract of purple mulberry fruit has high phenolic properties and that Morus rubra can affect the T cell response as well as its cytotoxic effect against colon cancer cells.
- Subjects
COLORECTAL cancer; PROGRAMMED cell death 1 receptors; MULBERRY; T cells; CANCER cell proliferation; KIDNEY bean
- Publication
Bezmialem Science, 2024, Vol 13, pS5
- ISSN
2148-2373
- Publication type
Abstract