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- Title
Hypospadias and variants in genes related to sex hormone biosynthesis and metabolism.
- Authors
Carmichael, S. L.; Witte, J. S.; Ma, C.; Lammer, E. J.; Shaw, G. M.
- Abstract
We examined whether variants in genes related to sex hormone biosynthesis and metabolism were associated with hypospadias in humans. We examined 332 relatively common tag single-nucleotide polymorphisms (tagSNPs) in 20 genes. Analyses included 633 cases (84 mild, 322 moderate, 212 severe and 15 undetermined severity) and 855 population-based non-malformed male controls born in California from 1990 to 2003. We used logistic regression models to estimate odds ratios ( OR) and 95% confidence intervals ( CI) for each SNP. Several of the 332 studied SNPs had p < 0.01: one in CYP3A4, four in HSD17B3, one in HSD3B1, two in STARD3, 10 in SRD5A2 and seven in STS. In addition, haplotype analyses gave several associations with p < 0.01. For HSD17B3, 14- SNP and 5- SNP blocks had ORs of 1.5 (95% CI 1.1, 2.0, p < 0.001) and 2.8 (95% CI 1.6, 4.8, p < 0.001) respectively. For SRD5A2, 9- SNP, 3- SNP and 8- SNP blocks had ORs of 1.7 (95% CI 1.3, 2.2, p < 0.001), 1.4 (95% CI 1.1, 1.8, p = 0.008) and 1.5 (95% CI 1.2, 1.9, p = 0.002) respectively. Our study indicates that several genes that contribute to sex hormone biosynthesis and metabolism are associated with hypospadias risk.
- Subjects
GENETIC polymorphisms; HYPOSPADIAS; SEX hormones; BIOSYNTHESIS; METABOLISM; SINGLE nucleotide polymorphisms; LOGISTIC regression analysis
- Publication
Andrology, 2014, Vol 2, Issue 1, p130
- ISSN
2047-2919
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.2047-2927.2013.00165.x