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- Title
Impact of physical activity programs and services for older adults: a rapid review.
- Authors
Pinheiro, Marina B.; Oliveira, Juliana S.; Baldwin, Jennifer N.; Hassett, Leanne; Costa, Nathalia; Gilchrist, Heidi; Wang, Belinda; Kwok, Wing; Albuquerque, Bruna S.; Pivotto, Luiza R.; Carvalho-Silva, Ana Paula M. C.; Sharma, Sweekriti; Gilbert, Steven; Bauman, Adrian; Bull, Fiona C.; Willumsen, Juana; Sherrington, Catherine; Tiedemann, Anne
- Abstract
Background: Knowledge of which physical activity programs are most effective for older adults in different sub-populations and contexts is limited. The objectives of this rapid review were to: 1) Overview evidence evaluating physical activity programs/services for older adults; and 2) Describe impact on physical activity, falls, intrinsic capacity (physical domain), functional ability (physical, social, and cognitive/emotional domains), and quality of life. Methods: We conducted a rapid review of primary studies from 350 systematic reviews identified in a previous scoping review (March 2021: PEDro, MEDLINE, CINAHL, Cochrane Database). For Objective 1, we included intervention studies investigating physical activity programs/services in adults ≥ 60 years. Of these, we included good quality (≥ 6/10 PEDro scale) randomised controlled trials (RCTs) with ≥ 50 participants per group in Objective 2. Results: Objective 1: Of the 1421 intervention studies identified from 8267 records, 79% were RCTs, 87% were in high income countries and 39% were good quality. Objective 2: We identified 87 large, good quality RCTs (26,861 participants). Overall activity promotion, structured exercise and recreation/sport had positive impacts (≥ 50% between-group comparisons positive) across all outcome domains. For overall activity promotion (21 intervention groups), greatest impacts were on physical activity (100% positive) and social outcomes (83% positive). Structured exercise (61 intervention groups) had particularly strong impacts on falls (91% positive), intrinsic capacity (67% positive) and physical functioning (77% positive). Recreation/sport (24 intervention groups) had particularly strong impacts on cognitive/emotional functioning (88% positive). Multicomponent exercise (39 intervention groups) had strong impacts across all outcomes, particularly physical activity (95% positive), falls (90% positive) and physical functioning (81% positive). Results for different populations and settings are presented. Conclusion: Evidence supporting physical activity for older adults is positive. We outline which activity types are most effective in different populations and settings.
- Subjects
EVALUATION of human services programs; ACTIVE aging; RECREATION; COGNITION; PHYSICAL activity; QUALITY of life; EXERCISE; ACCIDENTAL falls; EMOTIONS
- Publication
International Journal of Behavioral Nutrition & Physical Activity, 2022, Vol 19, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
1479-5868
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1186/s12966-022-01318-9