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- Title
Low Urine pH Is a Predictor of Chronic Kidney Disease.
- Authors
Nakanishi, Naoko; Fukui, Michiaki; Tanaka, Muhei; Toda, Hitoshi; Imai, Saeko; Yamazaki, Masahiro; Hasegawa, Goji; Oda, Yohei; Nakamura, Naoto
- Abstract
Background/Aims: A variety of risk factors for chronic kidney disease (CKD), including the metabolic syndrome, were recently reported. It has been suggested that a low urine pH is another characteristic of the metabolic syndrome. However, the relationship between urine pH and CKD remains to be elucidated. Methods: A cohort study was performed on 1,811 subjects who underwent a health check-up, and we examined whether low urine pH could be a predictor of CKD. The following risk factors for CKD were evaluated: age, gender, history of alcohol intake and smoking, BMI, systolic blood pressure, fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, uric acid, total leukocyte count, CKD stage, fasting urine pH, and protein at baseline. Results: We followed 1,811 subjects for a median period of 7.7 years. Three hundred and thirty-nine subjects developed stage 3 CKD defined as progression to estimated glomerular filtration rate <60 ml/min/1.73 m2. Multiple Cox regression analysis revealed that the adjusted HR (95% CI) for stage 3 CKD was 1.32 (1.06-1.65; p = 0.0129) in subjects with fasting urine pH 5.0-5.5 compared to subjects with pH 6.5-7.0. Conclusion: Our study suggests that low urine pH is an independent predictor of stage 3 CKD. Copyright © 2011 S. Karger AG, Basel
- Subjects
URINALYSIS; HYDROGEN-ion concentration; KIDNEY diseases; CHRONIC diseases; RESEARCH
- Publication
Kidney & Blood Pressure Research, 2012, Vol 35, Issue 2, p77
- ISSN
1420-4096
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1159/000330487