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- Title
Reduced bladder cancer recurrence rate with cardioprotective aspirin after intravesical bacille Calmette-Guérin.
- Authors
Gee, Jason R.; Jarrard, David F.; Bruskewitz, Reginald C.; Moon, Timothy D.; Hedican, Sean P.; Leverson, Glen E.; Nakada, Stephen Y.; Messing, Edward M.
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE To evaluate the recurrence-free survival (RFS) rate of patients taking cardioprotective aspirin after intravesical bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) for high-grade noninvasive urothelial carcinoma of the bladder, as preventing the recurrence of superficial bladder cancer might decrease patient morbidity and mortality from this disease, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) have shown promise in preclinical prevention through inhibition of the prostaglandin pathway and other mechanisms. PATIENTS AND METHODS In all, 43 patients with carcinoma in situ (CIS) and/or high-grade papillary bladder cancer were treated with intravesical BCG. Patients were stratified according to whether they took cardioprotective aspirin after treatment, and Kaplan-Meier curves of RFS were compared by log-rank analysis. Multivariable analysis was used for potentially confounding factors, including maintenance BCG, the presence of CIS, and smoking status. RESULTS Of patients taking cardioprotective aspirin, the 5-year RFS rate was 64.3%, compared with 26.9% for patients not taking aspirin, with a significantly higher RFS by univariable log rank analysis ( P = 0.03). Even after adjusting for the other factors by multivariable analysis, aspirin seems to affect recurrence (hazard ratio 0.179, P = 0.001). Maintenance BCG (hazard ratio 0.233, P = 0.02) and smoking history (hazard ratio 3.199, P = 0.05) also significantly affected recurrence. CONCLUSION There was a significantly higher RFS rate in patients taking cardioprotective aspirin after intravesical BCG therapy for bladder cancer. The results of this study support the further investigation of aspirin and other NSAIDs as preventive agents in patients being treated for superficial bladder cancer.
- Subjects
CANCER relapse; ASPIRIN; CARDIOTONIC agents; BCG vaccines; BLADDER cancer treatment; CANCER-related mortality; NONSTEROIDAL anti-inflammatory agents; PREVENTION
- Publication
BJU International, 2009, Vol 103, Issue 6, p736
- ISSN
1464-4096
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1464-410X.2008.08123.x