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- Title
SHIFTING PATTERNS IN GENETIC CONTROL AT THE EMBRYO-ALEVIN BOUNDARY IN BROOK CHARR.
- Authors
Perry, Guy M. L.; Audet, Céline; Laplatte, Benjamin; Bernatchez, Louis
- Abstract
Maternal inputs to offspring early in development are initially high but the process of development suggests that ontogenetic shifts in the importance of maternal genetic variation relative to other sources should occur. We investigated additive genetic variance and covariance for direct (animal), sire, and maternal effects on embryonic length (EL), yolk sac volume (YSV), and alevin (after yolk sac resorption) length (AL) for 460 embryonic and 460 alevin brook charr (Salvelinus fontinalis) in 23 half-sib families (12 sires, 23 dams). There were no additive genetic effects of sires or individual animals on their own phenotype using sire-dam and maternal-animal models for YSV or EL (h²a < 0.05). However, at the alevin stage we detected low but significant heritability for AL (h²a = 0.14 ± 0.11). Conversely, maternal genetic effects were high for both embryonic traits (h²EL = 0.61 ± 0.05; h²YSV = 0.57 ± 0.06) but faded rapidly for postresorption length (h²AL = 0.18 ± 0.04). Maternal effects in the sire-dam model corresponded highly with those in the animal-dam model. We did not detect significant genetic covariance between progeny and dams for preresorption traits or between sires and dams for any trait. However, following resorption of the yolk sac, the genetic value of dams for AL was negatively correlated with that of individual progeny (rm,a = -0.38 ± 0.13), suggesting trade-offs and/or stabilizing selection between maternal and animal genetic trait value. This finding was supported by models of dam fecundity on offspring length and dam weight in phenotypic space. Heritability estimates using simple regression of embryo phenotype on adult parental phenotype produced upwardly biased estimates of genetic variance (h² > 1.0). We propose that development through the embryo-alevin boundary may be a major point in salmonids for...
- Subjects
ONTOGENY; DEVELOPMENTAL biology; GENETICS; PHENOTYPES; SALMONIDAE
- Publication
Evolution, 2004, Vol 58, Issue 9, p2002
- ISSN
0014-3820
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1554/03-721