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- Title
Safety, immunogenicity and efficacy of the self-amplifying mRNA ARCT-154 COVID-19 vaccine: pooled phase 1, 2, 3a and 3b randomized, controlled trials.
- Authors
Hồ, Nhân Thị; Hughes, Steven G.; Ta, Van Thanh; Phan, Lân Trọng; Đỗ, Quyết; Nguyễn, Thượng Vũ; Phạm, Anh Thị Văn; Thị Ngọc Đặng, Mai; Nguyễn, Lượng Viết; Trịnh, Quang Vinh; Phạm, Hùng Ngọc; Chử, Mến Văn; Nguyễn, Toàn Trọng; Lương, Quang Chấn; Tường Lê, Vy Thị; Nguyễn, Thắng Văn; Trần, Lý-Thi-Lê; Thi Van Luu, Anh; Nguyen, Anh Ngoc; Nguyen, Nhung-Thi-Hong
- Abstract
Combination of waning immunity and lower effectiveness against new SARS-CoV-2 variants of approved COVID-19 vaccines necessitates new vaccines. We evaluated two doses, 28 days apart, of ARCT-154, a self-amplifying mRNA COVID-19 vaccine, compared with saline placebo in an integrated phase 1/2/3a/3b controlled, observer-blind trial in Vietnamese adults (ClinicalTrial.gov identifier: NCT05012943). Primary safety and reactogenicity outcomes were unsolicited adverse events (AE) 28 days after each dose, solicited local and systemic AE 7 days after each dose, and serious AEs throughout the study. Primary immunogenicity outcome was the immune response as neutralizing antibodies 28 days after the second dose. Efficacy against COVID-19 was assessed as primary and secondary outcomes in phase 3b. ARCT-154 was well tolerated with generally mild–moderate transient AEs. Four weeks after the second dose 94.1% (95% CI: 92.1–95.8) of vaccinees seroconverted for neutralizing antibodies, with a geometric mean-fold rise from baseline of 14.5 (95% CI: 13.6–15.5). Of 640 cases of confirmed COVID-19 eligible for efficacy analysis most were due to the Delta (B.1.617.2) variant. Efficacy of ARCT-154 was 56.6% (95% CI: 48.7– 63.3) against any COVID-19, and 95.3% (80.5–98.9) against severe COVID-19. ARCT-154 vaccination is well tolerated, immunogenic and efficacious, particularly against severe COVID-19 disease. In this randomized, controlled integrated phase 1/2/3a/3b clinical trial, the authors show that the self-amplifying mRNA COVID-19 vaccine ARCT-154 shows good immunogenicity and is safe and efficient against COVID-19 (57% against any COVID-19, and 95% against severe COVID-19).
- Subjects
COVID-19 vaccines; IMMUNE response; SARS-CoV-2; COVID-19; VIETNAMESE people; VACCINE safety
- Publication
Nature Communications, 2024, Vol 15, Issue 1, p1
- ISSN
2041-1723
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/s41467-024-47905-1