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- Title
Multipartite Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering and genuine tripartite entanglement with optical networks.
- Authors
Armstrong, Seiji; Wang, Meng; Teh, Run Yan; Gong, Qihuang; He, Qiongyi; Janousek, Jiri; Bachor, Hans-Albert; Reid, Margaret D.; Lam, Ping Koy
- Abstract
Einstein, Podolsky and Rosen (EPR) pointed out in their famous paradox that two quantum-entangled particles can have perfectly correlated positions and momenta. Such correlations give evidence for the nonlocality of quantum mechanics and form the basis for quantum cryptography and teleportation. EPR steering is the nonlocality associated with the EPR paradox and has traditionally been investigated between only two parties. Using optical networks and efficient detection, we present experimental observations of multiparty EPR steering and of the genuine entanglement of three intense optical beams. We entangle the quadrature phase amplitudes of distinct fields, in analogy to the position-momentum entanglement of the original paradox. Our experiments complement tests of quantum mechanics that have entangled small systems or have demonstrated tripartite inseparability. Our methods establish principles for the development of multiparty quantum communication protocols with asymmetric observers, and can be extended to qubits, whether photonic, atomic, superconducting, or otherwise.
- Subjects
EINSTEIN-Podolsky-Rosen paradox; QUANTUM entanglement; QUANTUM optics; QUANTUM mechanics; QUANTUM cryptography; QUANTUM communication; SUPERCONDUCTORS
- Publication
Nature Physics, 2015, Vol 11, Issue 2, p167
- ISSN
1745-2473
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1038/nphys3202