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- Title
Small Molecule HIV-1 Attachment Inhibitors: Discovery, Mode of Action and Structural Basis of Inhibition.
- Authors
Lai, Yen-Ting; Acharya, Priyamvada
- Abstract
Viral entry into host cells is a critical step in the viral life cycle. HIV-1 entry is mediated by the sole surface envelope glycoprotein Env and is initiated by the interaction between Env and the host receptor CD4. This interaction, referred to as the attachment step, has long been considered an attractive target for inhibitor discovery and development. Fostemsavir, recently approved by the FDA, represents the first-in-class drug in the attachment inhibitor class. This review focuses on the discovery of temsavir (the active compound of fostemsavir) and analogs, mechanistic studies that elucidated the mode of action, and structural studies that revealed atomic details of the interaction between HIV-1 Env and attachment inhibitors. Challenges associated with emerging resistance mutations to the attachment inhibitors and the development of next-generation attachment inhibitors are also highlighted.
- Subjects
UNITED States. Food &; Drug Administration; HIV; SMALL molecules; CD4 antigen; VIRAL envelope proteins; ATOMIC interactions
- Publication
Viruses (1999-4915), 2021, Vol 13, Issue 5, p843
- ISSN
1999-4915
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/v13050843