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- Title
Pécs és Baranya megye fejlődése a történetileg változó földrajzi periférián.
- Authors
HAJDÚ, ZOLTÁN; HORECZKI, RÉKA
- Abstract
The study describes the nexus between Baranya county and the county seat with regard to the process of historically defined peripheralization. The county seat, Pécs had diverse micro-, meso-, macro-level regional economic connections already in the Roman period. While the development of the city adapted to the geographical environment and the territorial and state administrative system, the geographic position of the city changed over periods as a result of the reorganisation of state territory and power relations. Due to its location close to the border, the city of Pécs played a central role, always taking into account the current state borders. Although Baranya County is more often referred to as a periphery, Pécs has historically always been referred to as a central settlement. From the point of view of the county, Pécs functioned as a kind of small capital city - both in terms of population and economic power. Christianity played an important role in the life of both the town and the county. In the reign of Stephen I, Pécs became the seat of the episcopate and one of the most important settlements in the country, and thus institutions with a regional role were also established in the city. The establishment of the first university in Pécs was the result of a royal decision, which has become a symbol of advanced urban life. After an overview of the historical and geographical background, the study turns to the analysis of developments after 1945, since the city's role as a 'peripheral centre' gained importance in settlement and spatial development in the context of the emerging state socialist political system. From the early 1960s, the focus of Pécs' internal development shifted to the western areas of the city. Uranium Town (the western part of the city, which is currently a panel residential area) was built according to the needs of the uranium mine workforce, and was essentially shaped by international and national interests. Peripheral cities, the designated and planned 'counterpoles' of Budapest, such as Pécs, were taken into account both by policy-makers and politicians. In addition to the historically objective peripheral position within the country, the city's location within the county is emphasised in planning documents of the 1960s and 1970s (VÁTI 1971). Due to its topographical location (almost in the centre of the county), Pécs has always been a centre in every respect. All in all, there were not only relative or real winners, but also losers in the administrative and urban development policies of the period examined in the study. A significant number of municipalities in the county, particularly those with poor transport networks, were more likely to be losers, both demographically and economically.
- Subjects
PECS (Hungary); POWER (Social sciences); CITIES &; towns; URBAN growth; SMALL cities; URANIUM mining
- Publication
Space & Society / Tér és Társadalom, 2023, Vol 37, Issue 3, p10
- ISSN
0237-7683
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.17649/TET.37.3.3499