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- Title
DAVİD HUME'UN SÖZLEŞME KURAMI ELEŞTİRİSİ: TOPLUMSAL VE POLİTİK DÜZENDE UYLAŞIMIN VE ALIŞKANLIĞIN ROLÜ.
- Authors
ÇEŞMELİ, Işıl
- Abstract
David Hume, one of the most eminent philosophers of the Scottish Enlightenment, analyzes social order and political society in his works by means of moral philosophy, which he calls the science of human nature. Hume takes a critical stance against social contract theory, which became one of the most debated topics of political philosophy in the 17th century first with Thomas Hobbes and then with John Locke, in both A Treatise of Human Nature and in Political Essays. Hume's opposition to the contract theory is twofold. First, in Treatise, he conducts a philosophical inquiry into the origins of justice or respect for property, fidelity to promises and allegiance to government which he calls the artificial virtues. He points out the historical facts and shows that consent cannot be the source of political authority in his essay "Of the Original Contract" published in the following years. The aim of this study is to show that the basis of Hume's criticisms of social contract theory is convention and habit implemented with common interest and experience. In this context, first, the source of justice, promise and allegiance will be examined and then it will be discussed why the duty of allegiance to government arises not from consent, as social contract theorists claim, but from utility of society and common interest.
- Publication
Academic Journal of Philosophy / Felsefi Düşün, 2022, Issue 19, p130
- ISSN
2148-0958
- Publication type
Article