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- Title
Role of exposure to air pollutants in the development of type 1 diabetes before and after 5 yr of age.
- Authors
Hathout, Eba H.; Beeson, W. Lawrence; Nahab, Fadi; Rabadi, Alissar; Thomas, Wendy; Mace, John W.
- Abstract
Objective: To assess the role of ambient air pollutants in type 1 diabetes in children. Design and methods: Prediagnosis exposure to five air pollutants was studied in two subgroups with onset of type 1 diabetes before and after 5 yr of age, and two matched subgroups of healthy children. Zip codes and dates of residence from birth to diagnosis were used to obtain geographic- and time-specific air concentrations of SO[sub 2], NO[sub 2], ozone (O[sub 3]), SO[sub 4], and particulate matter < 10 µm in diameter (PM[sub 10]). Prediagnosis time-adjusted pollutant exposure levels were created by summing up zip code-specific pollution data and dividing by months of exposure from birth to diagnosis. Two-tailed t-test and logistic regression were used to evaluate relative effects and test data between cases and controls. Results: Prediagnosis average O[sub 3] exposure was significantly higher in children with type 1 diabetes than in healthy controls. Prediagnosis PM[sub 10] exposure was significantly higher in children diagnosed before 5 yr of age, when compared with healthy controls. SO[sub 2] exposure was significantly higher in children with later-onset diabetes compared with those with early-onset diabetes (EOD). NO[sub 2], SO[sub 2] and SO[sub 4] exposure was significantly lower in children diagnosed after 5 yr of age, when compared with healthy controls. O[sub 3], NO[sub 2], SO[sub 4] and PM[sub 10] levels did not significantly differ between the two diabetic subgroups. Conclusion: Increased ozone exposure may be a contributory factor to the increased incidence of type 1 diabetes. PM[sub 10] may be a specific contributory factor to the development of type 1 diabetes before 5 yr of age.
- Subjects
AIR pollution; DIABETES in children; DISEASE risk factors
- Publication
Pediatric Diabetes, 2002, Vol 3, Issue 4, p184
- ISSN
1399-543X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1034/j.1399-5448.2002.30403.x