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- Title
Associations among echocardiography, cardiac biomarkers, insulin metabolism, morphology, and inflammation in cats with asymptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
- Authors
Hoek, Ingrid; Hodgkiss‐Geere, Hannah; Bode, Elizabeth F.; Hamilton‐Elliott, Julie; Mõtsküla, Paul; Palermo, Valentina; Pereira, Yolanda M.; Culshaw, Geoff J.; Ivanova, Anna; Dukes‐McEwan, Jo
- Abstract
Background: Insulin, insulin‐like growth factor‐1 (IGF‐1), and inflammation possibly are involved in cats with asymptomatic hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (aHCM). Objectives: To evaluate echocardiography, morphology, cardiac and inflammatory markers, insulin and IGF‐1 in cats with aHCM. Animals: Fifty‐one client‐owned cats with aHCM. Methods: Observational descriptive study. Variables (body weight [BW], body condition score [BCS], echocardiography, and serum concentrations of N‐terminal pro‐B‐type natriuretic peptide [NT‐proBNP], ultra‐sensitive troponin‐I [c‐TnI], serum amyloid A [SAA], insulin, glucose and IGF‐1) were evaluated for significant increases above echocardiography cutoff values and laboratory reference ranges, associations and effect of left atrial (LA) remodeling and generalized hypertrophy. Results: Cats with aHCM had BCS ≥6/9 (P =.01) and insulin (P <.001), NT‐proBNP (P =.001) and cTn‐I (P <.001) above laboratory reference ranges. Associations were present between NT‐proBNP and maximum end‐diastolic interventricular septum thickness (IVSd; ρ =.32; P =.05), maximum end‐diastolic left ventricular free wall thickness;(ρ =.41; P =.01), LA/Aorta (ρ =.52; P =.001) and LA diameter (LA‐max; ρ =.32; P =.05); c‐TnI and LA/Aorta (ρ =.49; P =.003) and LA‐max (ρ =.28; P =.05); and SAA and number of IVSd regions ≥6 mm thickness (ρ =.28; P =.05). Body weight and BCS were associated with IGF‐1 (r = 0.44; P =.001), and insulin (ρ =.33; P =.02), glucose (ρ =.29; P =.04) and IGF‐1 (ρ =.32; P =.02), respectively. Concentrations of NT‐proBNP (P =.02) and c‐TnI (P =.01), and SAA (P =.02), were higher in cats with LA remodeling, and generalized hypertrophy, respectively. Conclusions and clinical importance: Results suggest potential implications of insulin, IGF‐1, and inflammation in cats with aHCM, but it remains to be confirmed whether these findings represent a physiological process or a part of the pathogenesis and development of disease.
- Subjects
HYPERTROPHIC cardiomyopathy; INSULIN; CATS; INFLAMMATION; MORPHOLOGY; ANTHRACYCLINES; GLUCOSE
- Publication
Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, 2020, Vol 34, Issue 2, p591
- ISSN
0891-6640
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/jvim.15730