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- Title
T-Wave Alternans Testing in Pacemaker Patients: Comparison of Pacing Modes and Long-Term Prognostic Relevance.
- Authors
DORENKAMP, MARC; BREITWIESER, CHRISTOPH; MORGUET, ANDREAS J.; SEEGERS, JOACHIM; BEHRENS, STEFFEN; ZABEL, MARKUS
- Abstract
Background: T-wave alternans (TWA) is a useful method for identifying patients who are at risk for sudden cardiac death. We aimed to determine the effects of different pacing modes on test results and long-term prognostic relevance of TWA in patients following a dual-chamber (DDD) pacemaker implantation. Methods: Sixty-three patients (mean age 68 ± 13 years) with structural heart disease and recently implanted DDD pacemakers were enrolled. Left ventricular (LV) function was normal or moderately impaired (mean LV ejection fraction 61 ± 13%). All patients underwent sequential TWA testing using atrial and ventricular pacing. Results: During atrial pacing requiring physiologic conduction to the ventricles, 21% of TWA tests were positive, 43% negative, and 36% indeterminate. When using right ventricular (RV) pacing in the same patients, 19% of tests were positive, 40% negative, and 41% indeterminate. When positive and indeterminate tests were grouped as nonnegative, the concordance between atrial and ventricular pacing was 62% (κ= 0.22). After a mean follow-up of 5.9 ± 1.9 years, 18 (29%) patients had died. Improved survival was predicted by a negative TWA test using atrial pacing (P = 0.028), but not with ventricular pacing (P = 0.722). Conclusions: In patients with dual-chamber pacemakers, there is a low concordance of TWA test results between atrial pacing with intrinsic conduction to the ventricles and apical RV pacing via pacemaker electrode. However, TWA during atrial pacing clearly exerts long-term prognostic relevance in a patient group with preserved LV function and structural heart disease. (PACE 2011; 34:1054-1062)
- Subjects
HEART physiology; LEFT heart ventricle; RIGHT heart ventricle; CARDIAC arrest; ALGORITHMS; ANALYSIS of variance; CARDIAC pacemakers; CARDIAC pacing; CHI-squared test; FISHER exact test; HEART conduction system; HEART function tests; LONGITUDINAL method; STATISTICS; SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry); T-test (Statistics); DATA analysis software; PROGNOSIS; PHYSIOLOGY
- Publication
Pacing & Clinical Electrophysiology, 2011, Vol 34, Issue 9, p1054
- ISSN
0147-8389
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1111/j.1540-8159.2011.03101.x