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- Title
Toxicity Mechanisms of Gadolinium and Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents—A Review.
- Authors
Coimbra, Susana; Rocha, Susana; Sousa, Nícia Reis; Catarino, Cristina; Belo, Luís; Bronze-da-Rocha, Elsa; Valente, Maria João; Santos-Silva, Alice
- Abstract
Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) have been used for more than 30 years to improve magnetic resonance imaging, a crucial tool for medical diagnosis and treatment monitoring across multiple clinical settings. Studies have shown that exposure to GBCAs is associated with gadolinium release and tissue deposition that may cause short- and long-term toxicity in several organs, including the kidney, the main excretion organ of most GBCAs. Considering the increasing prevalence of chronic kidney disease worldwide and that most of the complications following GBCA exposure are associated with renal dysfunction, the mechanisms underlying GBCA toxicity, especially renal toxicity, are particularly important. A better understanding of the gadolinium mechanisms of toxicity may contribute to clarify the safety and/or potential risks associated with the use of GBCAs. In this work, a review of the recent literature concerning gadolinium and GBCA mechanisms of toxicity was performed.
- Subjects
CONTRAST media; GADOLINIUM; MAGNETIC resonance imaging; NEPHROTOXICOLOGY; CHRONIC kidney failure; KIDNEY diseases
- Publication
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2024, Vol 25, Issue 7, p4071
- ISSN
1661-6596
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ijms25074071