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- Title
Increased Frequency of Circulating Follicular Helper T Cells in Children with Hand, Foot, and Mouth Disease Caused by Enterovirus 71 Infection.
- Authors
Jianping Wu; David Cui; Xianzhi Yang; Jianzhou Lou; Jie Lin; Xianfei Ye; Zhimei Qin; Li Huang; Dejian Zhao; Zhaoxia Huo; Guoliang Xie; Shufa Zheng; Fei Yu; Liwei Lu; Yu Chen
- Abstract
Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a major causative agent of hand, foot, and mouth disease (HFMD) in children. The role of T follicular helper (TFH) cells in EV71-infected children remains unclear in regulating humoral immunity. The frequency of circulating ICOShigh/PD-1high CXCR5+ CD4+ TFH cells in the children with mild and severe EV71 infection and healthy controls (HC) was detected by flow cytometry, respectively. IL-21 and IL-6 mRNA expression and their serum levels, Bcl-6 mRNA expression, and specific neutralizing antibodies against EV71 (NAb-EV71) were measured. In the acute stage of patients with EV71 infection, increased frequencies of circulating TFH cells with ICOShigh and PD-1high expression in the mild and severe patients were observed, and the positive correlations among the frequencies of circulating TFH cells and the serum levels of IL-21, IL-6, and NAb-EV71 titres were detected, respectively. Moreover, the expressions of IL-6 and IL-21 mRNA in PBMCs from patients were also significantly higher than those of HC. However, further analysis did not reveal any significant differences between mild and severe patients. These data indicate a role of TFH cells and associated cytokines in modulating the humoral response during the pathogenesis of EV71 infection.
- Subjects
T helper cells; FOOT &; mouth disease; ENTEROVIRUS diseases; CHILDREN'S health; HUMORAL immunity
- Publication
Journal of Immunology Research, 2014, p1
- ISSN
2314-8861
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1155/2014/651872