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- Title
Inhibitory effect of eugenol on aflatoxin B production in Aspergillus parasiticus by downregulating the expression of major genes in the toxin biosynthetic pathway.
- Authors
Jahanshiri, Zahra; Shams-Ghahfarokhi, Masoomeh; Allameh, Abdolamir; Razzaghi-Abyaneh, Mehdi
- Abstract
Aflatoxin contamination of grains and agro-products is a serious food safety issue and a significant economic concern worldwide. In the present study, the effects of eugenol on Aspergillus parasiticus growth and aflatoxin production were studied in relation to the expression of some essential genes involved in aflatoxin biosynthetic pathway. The fungus was cultured in presence of serial two-fold concentrations of eugenol (15.62-500 μg mL) for 3 days at 28 °C. Mycelia dry weight was determined as an index of fungal growth, while aflatoxin production was assessed by high performance liquid chromatography. The expression of aflatoxin biosynthetic genes including ver- 1, nor- 1, pksA, omtA and aflR were evaluated by real-time PCR. Eugenol strongly inhibited A. parasiticus growth in the range of 19.16-95.83 % in a dose-dependent manner. Aflatoxin B production was also inhibited by the compound in the range of 15.07-98.0 %. The expressions of ver- 1, nor- 1, pksA, omtA and aflR genes were significantly suppressed by eugenol at concentrations of 62.5 and 125 μg mL. These results indicate that eugenol may be considered as a good candidate to control toxigenic fungal growth and the subsequent contamination of food, feed and agricultural commodities by carcinogenic aflatoxins.
- Subjects
ASPERGILLUS parasiticus; EUGENOL; AFLATOXINS; FUNGAL gene expression; HIGH performance liquid chromatography; POLYMERASE chain reaction
- Publication
World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology, 2015, Vol 31, Issue 7, p1071
- ISSN
0959-3993
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s11274-015-1857-7