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- Title
The Influence of Ocean Convection Patterns on High-Latitude Climate Projections.
- Authors
Schaeffer, M.; Selten, F. M.; Opsteegh, J. D.; Goosse, H.
- Abstract
The mean state and variability of deep convection in the ocean influence the North Atlantic climate. Using an ensemble experiment with a coupled atmosphere–ocean–sea ice model, it is shown that cooling and subdued warming areas can occur over the North Atlantic Ocean and adjacent landmasses under global warming. Different “present-day” convection patterns in the Greenland–Iceland–Norway (GIN) Sea result in different future surface-air temperature changes. At higher latitudes, the more effective positive sea ice feedback increases the likelihood of changes in convection causing a regional cooling that is larger than the warming brought about by the enhanced greenhouse effect. The modeled freshening of deep ocean layers in the North Atlantic in a time period preceding a reorganization of GIN Sea convection is consistent with recent observations. Low-frequency internal variability in the ocean model has relatively little impact on the response patterns.
- Subjects
OCEAN circulation; OCEAN convection; ATMOSPHERIC temperature; CLIMATE change; METEOROLOGY; CLIMATOLOGY
- Publication
Journal of Climate, 2004, Vol 17, Issue 22, p4316
- ISSN
0894-8755
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1175/3174.1