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- Title
Accumulation of selected chemical elements in sediments of kettle hole lakes on rural areas.
- Authors
Cymes, Ireneusz; Glińska-Lewczuk, Katarzyna; Cymer, Małgorzata; Szymczyk, Sławomir; Parzych, Agnieszka; Ryniec, Izabela
- Abstract
Kettle hole lakes are a characteristic element of the post-glacial landscape. The paper analyzes the influence of morphometry of kettle holes and the characteristics of their catchments on the accumulation of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, Mg, K, Ni, Fe, Cu, Zn, and Mn. Significantly higher concentrations of nutrients were found in sediment of the lakes located on arable lands than grasslands. Heavy metals contents in the sediments generally did not diverge from natural background. The exception was Cu, for which the geoaccumulation index indicated significant contamination (class IV and V) of the sediments with this metal. All the studied metals created the following decreasing order: Fe > K > Mg > Cu > Mn > Zn > Ni. Results of PCA showed that the enrichment of sediments in metals was strongly influenced by the depth of water body and the lake catchment area. From two groups of kettle lakes distinguished by hierarchical cluster analysis, the group with significantly higher (p < 0.05) levels of K, Mg, Mn, and Fe in the sediments consisted of the deepest reservoirs with biggest capacities and larger catchment areas. Our results showed that the kettles lakes can be considered as reference sites for the need of existing or planned monitoring systems.
- Subjects
KETTLE holes; NUTRIENT pollution of water; HEAVY metal toxicology
- Publication
Desalination & Water Treatment, 2018, Vol 117, p272
- ISSN
1944-3994
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5004/dwt.2018.22500