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- Title
Ototoxicity in Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors Therapy.
- Authors
Wierzbicka, Małgorzata; Mielnik, Jarosław; Kołodziejska, Ewelina; Klimza, Hanna; Szyfter, Witold; Radomska, Katarzyna
- Abstract
Introduction: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and T-cell therapies are a modern, well-established cancer treatment. The priority of oncological treatment is to cure cancer. However, treatment-related toxicities, i.e. immune-related adverse events (irAEs), continue to emerge and are not that well understood yet. ICIs can cause profound, multiple, and diverse irAEs - the sequelae of unknown mechanisms. One of the organs susceptible to collateral damage is the hearing organ. Complications related to hearing, tinnitus, and balance disorders are extremely burdensome and significantly impair many aspects of the quality of life of patients and survivors. Aim: The aim of the work is to review the literature in the area of ototoxicity of ICIs. Materials and method: A systematic search of the Web of Science, PubMed, and Embase databases for studies published until 1 March 2022 was conducted. Results: Reported clinical symptoms ranged from sudden bilateral hearing loss and imbalance to mild hearing loss or tinnitus with preserved hearing. It was found that the median time from ICI initiation to hearing loss development was 3 months. The hearing impairment was secondary to bilateral sensorineural hearing loss in the majority of patients (>60%), and at least one other irAE accompanied the hearing loss in 2/3 of patients. Hearing loss significantly improved in 45.7% of the patients. Conclusions: The majority of cases of ICI-related hearing loss presented in the literature were reversible. Therefore, it is important to develop and implement routine therapeutic algorithms. Further research is needed to define the true prevalence of ICI-related hearing loss, optimal diagnostics, and management.
- Subjects
IMMUNE checkpoint inhibitors; TINNITUS; SENSORINEURAL hearing loss; DRUG side effects; OTOTOXICITY; HEARING disorders
- Publication
Polish Otolaryngology / Otolaryngologia Polska, 2024, Vol 78, Issue 3, p1
- ISSN
0030-6657
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.5604/01.3001.0054.4669