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- Title
Unveiling the Threat of Maternal Advanced Glycation End Products to Fetal Muscle: Palmitoleic Acid to the Rescue.
- Authors
Yoshizaki, Hitomi; Kawaharada, Ritsuko; Tsutsumi, Saki; Okami, Haruka; Toriumi, Akiyo; Miyata, Eri; Nakamura, Akio
- Abstract
Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) accumulate in the plasma of pregnant women with hyperglycemia, potentially inducing oxidative stress and fetal developmental abnormalities. Although intrauterine hyperglycemia has been implicated in excessive fetal growth, the effects of maternal AGEs on fetal development remain unclear. We evaluated the differentiation regulators and cellular signaling in the skeletal muscles of infants born to control mothers (ICM), diabetic mothers (IDM), and diabetic mothers supplemented with either cis-palmitoleic acid (CPA) or trans-palmitoleic acid (TPA). Cell viability, reactive oxygen species levels, and myotube formation were assessed in AGE-exposed C2C12 cells to explore potential mitigation by CPA and TPA. Elevated receptors for AGE expression and decreased Akt and AMPK phosphorylation were evident in rat skeletal muscles in IDM. Maternal palmitoleic acid supplementation alleviated insulin resistance by downregulating RAGE expression and enhancing Akt phosphorylation. The exposure of the C2C12 cells to AGEs reduced cell viability and myotube formation and elevated reactive oxygen species levels, which were attenuated by CPA or TPA supplementation. This suggests that maternal hyperglycemia and plasma AGEs may contribute to skeletal muscle disorders in offspring, which are mitigated by palmitoleic acid supplementation. Hence, the maternal intake of palmitoleic acid during pregnancy may have implications for fetal health.
- Subjects
MONOUNSATURATED fatty acids; SKELETAL muscle; PHOSPHORYLATION; PROTEIN kinases; RESEARCH funding; GESTATIONAL diabetes; OXIDATIVE stress; HYPERGLYCEMIA; RATS; INSULIN resistance; REACTIVE oxygen species; ADVANCED glycation end-products; ANIMAL experimentation; FETAL development; CELL receptors; FETUS
- Publication
Nutrients, 2024, Vol 16, Issue 12, p1898
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu16121898