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- Title
Variation in mortality among populations is higher for pymetrozine than for imidacloprid and spiromesifen in Trialeurodes vaporariorum in greenhouses in Finland.
- Authors
Ovčarenko, Irina; Lindström, Leena; Saikkonen, Kari; Vänninen, Irene
- Abstract
BACKGROUND: Insecticide resistance in Trialeurodes vaporariorum W. is unknown in the species' northern distribution range where it inhabits mainly commercial greenhouses. Resistance development in whiteflies feeding on year-round crops in green houses is possible owing to the use of chemical treatments to back up biocontrol. The authors tested the response levels to spiromesifen, pymetrozine and imidacloprid inwhiteflies collected from seven green houses within a 35 kmradius inwestern Finland. RESULTS: All except one (PR) population had LC50 values below the recommended concentrations for the tested compounds. However, some populations showed reduced susceptibility to pymetrozine in comparison with the reference susceptible population. Resistance ratios to pymetrozine were highly variable (resistance ratio 0.5-39.7), even among closely located greenhouses, and higher than those for imidacloprid (resistance ratio 1.05-10.5) and spiromesifen (resistance ratio 0.8-11.5). LC50 values and application frequencies of pymetrozine correlated positively among the sampled populations. CONCLUSION: High variation in resistance levels to pymetrozine among populations within natural whitefly dispersal limits reflects variation in the usage of this compound among individual greenhouse crop producers. Thus, resistance management is recommended at the individual greenhouse crop producer level, even in a dense production cluster
- Subjects
PESTICIDE resistance; INSECTICIDE resistance; PYMETROZINE; ALEYRODIDAE; PEST control
- Publication
Pest Management Science, 2014, Vol 70, Issue 10, p1524
- ISSN
1526-498X
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/ps.3766