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- Title
Effects of Moderate Exercise Training on Cancer-Induced Muscle Wasting.
- Authors
Figueira, Ana Cristina Corrêa; Pereira, Ana; Leitão, Luís; Ferreira, Rita; Oliveira, Paula A.; Duarte, José Alberto
- Abstract
Background: Muscle wasting is a common phenomenon in oncology and seems to be attenuated by exercise training. The aim of this study is to determine the degree of aggressiveness of cancer-induced muscle wasting in two different phenotypic muscles. It will also determine whether exercise training can attenuate this muscle dysfunction. Methods: Fifty Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to four experimental groups: two breast cancer model groups (sedentary and exercise) and two control groups (sedentary and exercise). Breast cancer was induced by 1-methyl-1-nitrosoureia (MNU). After 35 weeks of endurance training, animals were sacrificed, and gastrocnemius and soleus muscles harvested for morphometric analysis. Results: In sedentary tumor-bearing animals, a significant reduction in cross-sectional area was found in both muscles (p < 0.05). Interstitial fibrosis was significantly higher in the gastrocnemius muscle of the sedentary tumor-bearing animals (p < 0.05), but not in the soleus muscle. In the gastrocnemius of sedentary tumor-bearing animals, a shift from large to small fibers was observed. This cancer-related muscle dysfunction was prevented by long-term exercise training. Conclusions: In sedentary animals with tumors, the gastrocnemius muscle showed a very pronounced reduction in cross-sectional area and a marked degree of interstitial fibrosis. There was no difference in collagen deposition between tumor groups, and the soleus muscle showed a less pronounced but significant reduction in cross-sectional area. These contrasting results confirm that cancer-induced muscle wasting can affect specific types of fibers and specific muscles, namely fast glycolytic muscles, and that exercise training can be used to improve it.
- Subjects
SPAIN; CACHEXIA treatment; CALF muscle physiology; ANIMAL experimentation; IMMUNOHISTOCHEMISTRY; EXERCISE physiology; TREATMENT effectiveness; RATS; EXERCISE; RESEARCH funding; DESCRIPTIVE statistics; TUMORS; BREAST tumors; DISEASE complications
- Publication
Healthcare (2227-9032), 2023, Vol 11, Issue 19, p2652
- ISSN
2227-9032
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/healthcare11192652