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- Title
不同灌水量下尿素添加适宜氮肥增效剂促进夏玉米灌浆增产.
- Authors
李澳旗; 张俊; 崔晓路; 赵璐; 刘杰; 胡田田
- Abstract
Simulation has been intensively implemented on the effect of water supply on the grain-filling process of crops. However, there are few reports on the fitting analysis of summer maize with the various types of nitrogen fertilizer synergists under different irrigation amounts. This study aims to reveal the effect of water supply and nitrogen fertilizer synergists on the summer maize at the grain filling. The maize variety Zhendan 958 was selected in a field experiment in Guanzhong area, Shaanxi Province, China. The experiment contained eight treatments, where two levels of water supply (i.e., low water W1, 40 mm; high water W2, 60 mm), and three types of nitrogen-based synergists were added into the single urea (U) application (urease inhibitor NBPT, nitrification inhibitor DCD, double-acting inhibitor NBPT+DCD). The grain filling model was also established and verified under the water supply and nitrogen fertilizer synergists using Richards’ equation. A systematic analysis was carried out to determine the filling characteristic parameters, including the initial growth potential, grain filling active days, occurrence time of the maximum grain-filling rate (Tmax), the maximum grain-filling rate, and mean grain-filling rate. An investigation was then made to explore the effects of water supply and nitrogen fertilizer synergists on the grain-filling duration days and rates at various stages, dry matter transfer quantity and rate, and yield. The results showed that the Richards model better simulated the dynamic process of grain filling in summer maize, with the determination coefficients of above 0.99 for the grain filling fitting equation in each treatment. Specifically, the nitrogen fertilizer synergist DCD increased the seed initial growth potential under water supply level W2; NBPT+DCD extended the period of grain filling active days, retarded Tmax and possessed higher Vmax and mean grain-filling rate. W2 significantly retarded Tmax to prolong the total grain-filling duration days, where the improved mean grain-filling rate at grain-filling slowly increased the period, compared with the W1. DCD and NBPT+DCD were significantly improved average filling rate during grin-filling fast increase period, but slowly increased period. Significant interactions were found in the water supply and nitrogen fertilizer synergist on grain-filling duration days and mean grain-filling rate. DCD significantly extended the grain-filling duration days to 47.10 d under the W2. Meanwhile, there was the optimal proportion of the three grain-filling stages with a relatively higher average filling rate of 0.828 g/d. There were higher transfer quantities and contribution rates to grain stored in stems and sheaths. The W2 possessed a 3.63% lower contribution rate of stem and sheath to grain, compared with the W1. NBPT+DCD obtained the highest contribution rates of stems and sheath to grain, followed by NBPT, DCD and U, in terms of the nitrogen fertilizer synergists. Plants possessed a 7.21% higher yield under the W2 than those under the W1. The NBPT, DCD, and NBPT+DCD significantly improved the summer maize yield by 6.16%, 13.43% and 11.06%, respectively, compared with the U. Among them, the yield obtained by DCD and NBPT+DCD was higher than that of NBPT. Overall, both increasing water supply and nitrogen synergists can be expected to improve the summer maize yield, whereas, the higher water supply can improve the maize yield via the prolonged duration days of grain filling. W2+DCD was recommended as the optimized combination of water supply and nitrogen fertilizer synergist in this experiment, as it extended the total grain-filling period of summer maize for the highyield formation. These findings can also provide a strong reference to optimize the water and nitrogen fertilizer synergist in the production of summer maize.
- Subjects
SHAANXI Sheng (China); CHINA; NITROGEN in water; WATER supply; NITRIFICATION inhibitors; WATER levels; FIELD research; CORN; NITROGEN fertilizers; GRAIN
- Publication
Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering, 2023, Vol 39, Issue 16, p99
- ISSN
1002-6819
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.11975/j.issn.1002-6819.202304028