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- Title
Whole chromosome painting in mitotic fusion induced premature chromosome condensation for rapid radiation biodosimetry.
- Authors
Yadav, Usha; Shirsath, K. B.; Desai, U. N.; Bhat, Nagesh N.; Sapra, B. K.
- Abstract
Biodosimetry assays help radiation dose assessment of individuals suspected of overexposure. Presently, cytogenetic/chromosomal aberrations, being stable for months to years and having better specificity than molecular markers, are identified as best suitable markers for the above purpose. However, in conventional methods, it takes 48h of blood culture to collect cells in metaphase where the chromosomal aberrations can be visualized. Added to this, at high doses, cell cycle arrest, apoptosis and leucopenia may not allow us to get sufficient cells in metaphase limiting the use of the conventional methods involving culturing. Mitotic fusion based premature chromosome condensation (PCC-f) method helps us to overcome these limitations. In this method, cells of the subject are fused to another set of cells which are already in metaphase. The chemical factors from the later are sufficient to produce premature chromosome condensation in the former cells. With these prematurely condensed chromosomes multiple endpoints can be assessed to estimate radiation doses. Previously, there are reports of counting fragments (Geimsa stained), ring chromosomes and dicentric chromosomes using PCC-fusion method. However studies with whole chromosome paintings to quantify other types of aberrations are sparse. In this study we have explored excess fragmentation among 1, 2 and 4 chromosomes using whole chromosome painting. The study was planned with objectives of identifying easily scorable signals, to quantify background level and to establish whether 0.5Gy dose of radiation, which has significance in medical management, can be differentiated from those of background. The preliminary results revealed that Co-60 gamma radiation ≥0.5Gy induced significant increase in the breaks of chromosome 1, 2 &4 in comparison to that of unexposed sample and the same were identifiable with scoring of limited number of cells (~100) using whole chromosome paints. The method has eased the scoring and improved the precision. From the perspective of multi-parametric approach, in this could be one suitable alternate easy method for rapid biodosimetry tool for moderate to high dose.
- Subjects
CHROMOSOMES; CHROMOSOME abnormalities; GAMMA rays; CONDENSATION; CELL cycle
- Publication
Nitte University Journal of Health Science, 2018, p163
- ISSN
2249-7110
- Publication type
Article