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- Title
Waste materials from palm oil plant as exploratory catalysts for FAME biodiesel production.
- Authors
Saputra, Edy; Sugesti, Heni; Prawiranegara, Barata Aditya; Aziz, Yelmida; Fadli, Ahmad; Muraza, Oki
- Abstract
Biodiesel or fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) is produced by reversible transesterification reaction of triglyceride fats (animals) or oil (vegetables) and alcohol using various homogeneous/heterogeneous catalysts. Several solid heterogeneous catalyst sources are frequently used for biodiesel production. There have been many studies using biomass waste as a catalyst source. Biomass waste is found abundantly easily from various farming activities, such as harvesting fruit, industry process (oil extraction), and replanting. Biomass waste from agricultural activities has a low economic value, and its potential has not received attention. Biomass, composed of carbon structures, has been used by various processes to produce high-quality products in recent years. Biomass waste from the palm oil industry includes oil palm fronds/leaves (OPF), oil palm empty fruit bunches (OP-EFB), palm kernel shell (PKS), and oil palm stems/trunks (OPT). However, the appearance of biomass waste (oil palm plant) creates problems when it is discharged into the environment. There have been many studies of the synthesis of heterogeneous solid catalysts derived from oil palm solid waste. This paper will discuss the value of solid waste (biomass) from palm oil mills as a heterogeneous solid catalyst in FAME production.
- Subjects
VEGETABLE oils; WASTE products; OIL palm; FATTY acid methyl esters; HETEROGENEOUS catalysts; PALM oil industry; BIODIESEL fuels
- Publication
Applied Nanoscience, 2022, Vol 12, Issue 12, p3703
- ISSN
2190-5509
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s13204-021-02185-9