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- Title
Protective Effects of Proanthocyanidin-Rich Fraction from Red Rice Germ and Bran on Lung Cell Inflammation via Inhibition of NF-κB/NLRP3 Inflammasome Pathway.
- Authors
Semmarath, Warathit; Srisawad, Kamonwan; Arjsri, Punnida; Umsumarng, Sonthaya; Yodkeeree, Supachai; Jamjod, Sansanee; Prom-u-thai, Chanakan; Dejkriengkraikul, Pornngarm
- Abstract
The activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway during infectious pathogen-induced immunopathology can lead to chronic inflammation and various adverse health outcomes. Identification of functional foods with anti-inflammatory properties is crucial for preventing inflammation triggered by NLRP3 inflammasome activation. This study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory properties of a proanthocyanidin-rich fraction obtained from red rice germ and bran against lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-induced condition in A549 lung cells. The proanthocyanidin-rich fraction from Yamuechaebia 3 red rice extract (YM3-PRF) was obtained using column chromatography with Sephadex LH20, and its total proanthocyanidin content was determined to be 351.43 ± 1.18 mg/g extract using the vanillin assay. A549 lung cells were pretreated with YM3-PRF at concentrations of 5–20 μg/mL prior to exposure to LPS (1 μg/mL) and ATP (5 nM). The results showed that YM3-PRF significantly inhibited the expression of inflammatory mRNAs (NLRP3, IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-18) and the secretion of cytokines (IL-6, IL-1β, and IL-18) in a dose-dependent manner (p < 0.05). Mechanistically, YM3-PRF exerted its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NF-κB translocation and downregulating proteins associated with the NLRP3 inflammasome pathway (NLRP3, ASC, pro-caspase-1, and cleaved-caspase-1). These findings suggest that the proanthocyanidin-rich fraction from red rice germ and bran has protective effects and may serve as a potential therapeutic option for chronic inflammatory diseases associated with NLRP3 inflammasome activation.
- Subjects
PHYTOTHERAPY; CYTOKINES; PROTEINS; FLAVONOIDS; LUNG diseases; INFLAMMATION; ANTI-inflammatory agents; NF-kappa B; CELLULAR signal transduction; GENE expression; RESEARCH funding; PLANT extracts; CHROMATOGRAPHIC analysis
- Publication
Nutrients, 2023, Vol 15, Issue 17, p3793
- ISSN
2072-6643
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/nu15173793