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- Title
Performance characteristics of serologic tests for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody among Minnesota blood donors. Public health and clinical implications.
- Authors
MacDonald, Kristine L.; Jackson, J. Brooks; Bowman, Robert J.; Polesky, Herbert F.; Rhame, Frank S.; Balfour Jr., Henry H.; Osterholm, Michael T.; MacDonald, K L; Jackson, J B; Bowman, R J; Polesky, H F; Rhame, F S; Balfour, H H Jr; Osterholm, M T
- Abstract
<bold>Study Objective: </bold>To evaluate performance characteristics of sequential enzyme immunoassay (EIA) and Western blot human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) antibody testing in a low-risk population.<bold>Design: </bold>Three-year prospective study of a selected sample from a community-based population.<bold>Setting: </bold>Two blood collection facilities in Minnesota.<bold>Population: </bold>Minnesota blood donors.<bold>Results: </bold>During the study period, 630,190 units of blood (donations) from an estimated 290,110 Minnesota-resident donors were screened for HIV-1 antibody. Seventeen Minnesota-resident donors were identified as positive for HIV-1 antibody. Sixteen donors were available for follow-up HIV-1 culture: all were culture positive. The other donor, who was not available for follow-up culture, was likely infected with HIV-1 based on a history of high-risk behavior and positive serologic findings for hepatitis B surface antigen. Using 95% binomial confidence intervals, performance characteristics for sequential EIA and Western blot HIV-1 antibody serology were as follows: false-positive rate by number of donations, 0% to 0.0006%; specificity by number of donations, 99.9994% to 100%; predictive value of a positive test, 81% to 100%.<bold>Conclusions: </bold>In this low-risk population, the false-positive rate of serologic tests for HIV-1 antibody, using HIV-1 culture as the definitive standard for infection status, was extremely low and test specificity was extremely high.
- Subjects
MINNESOTA; UNITED States; ENZYME-linked immunosorbent assay; WESTERN immunoblotting; BLOOD donors
- Publication
Annals of Internal Medicine, 1989, Vol 110, Issue 8, p617
- ISSN
0003-4819
- Publication type
journal article
- DOI
10.7326/0003-4819-110-8-617