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- Title
Characterization of genes encoding prolactin and prolactin receptors in starry flounder Platichthys stellatus and their expression upon acclimation to freshwater.
- Authors
Noh, Gyeong; Lim, Han; Kim, Jong-Myoung
- Abstract
This study aims to investigate the genes encoding prolactin (PRL) and prolactin receptors (PRLR) and their tissue-specific expression in starry flounder Platichthys stellatus. Starry flounder PRL gene consisting of five exons encodes an ORF of 212 amino acid residue comprised of a putative signal peptide of 24 amino acids and a mature protein of 188 amino acids. It showed amino acid identities of 73 % with tuna Thunnus thynnus, 71 % with black porgy Acanthopagrus schlegelii, 69 % with Nile tilapia Oreochromis niloticus, 64 % with pufferfish Takifugu rubripes, 63 % with rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss, and 60 % with mangrove rivulus Kryptolebias marmoratus. Phylogenetic analysis of piscine PRLs also demonstrated a similarity between starry flounder and other teleosts but with a broad distinction from non-teleost PRLs. PRLR gene consists of eight exons encoding a protein of 528 amino acid residues. It showed a similarity to the PRLR2 subtype as reflected by amino acid identities of 54 % with A. schlegelii, 48.1 % with K. marmoratus, 46.3 % with tilapia O. mossambicus, and 46.1 % with O. niloticus PRLR2 as compared to PRLR1 isoform having less than 30 % identities. While mRNA transcript corresponding to PRL was detected only from the pituitary, most of PRLR mRNA was detected in the gill, kidney, and intestine, with a small amount in the ovary. The level of PRL transcript progressively increased during 6 days of acclimation to freshwater and then decreased but stayed higher than that of seawater at 60 days of acclimation. An opposite pattern of changes including a decrease at the beginning of the acclimation but a slight increase in the level osmolality was found as adaptation continued. The results support the osmoregulatory role of PRL signaling in starry flounder.
- Subjects
PROLACTIN genetics; PROLACTIN receptors; STARRY flounder; GENE expression in fishes; FISH adaptation; EXONS (Genetics); SIGNAL peptides; PUFFERS (Fish)
- Publication
Fish Physiology & Biochemistry, 2013, Vol 39, Issue 2, p263
- ISSN
0920-1742
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/s10695-012-9697-y