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- Title
Real-World Effectiveness of Primary Series and Booster Doses of Inactivated Coronavirus Disease 2019 Vaccine Against Omicron BA.2 Variant Infection in China: A Retrospective Cohort Study.
- Authors
Tang, Lin; Wang, Fu-Zhen; Rodewald, Lance E; Wang, Xuan-Yi; Liu, Si-Yu; Liu, Qian-Qian; Wang, Xiao-Qi; Wu, Dan; Li, Ming-Shuang; Zhang, Qian; Shao, Yi-Ming; Huang, Li-Fang; Song, Yu-Dan; Huang, Yong; Zeng, Xiang; Liu, Li-Jun; Yang, Hong; Huang, Ao-Di; Bao, Li-Ming; Zheng, Hui
- Abstract
Background China has been using inactivated coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines as primary series and booster doses to protect the population from severe to fatal COVID-19. We evaluated primary and booster vaccine effectiveness (VE) against Omicron BA.2 infection outcomes. Methods This was a 13-province retrospective cohort study of quarantined close contacts of BA.2-infected individuals. Outcomes were BA.2 infection, COVID-19 pneumonia or worse, and severe/critical COVID-19. Absolute VE was estimated by comparison with an unvaccinated group. Results There were 289 427 close contacts ≥3 years old exposed to Omicron BA.2 cases; 31 831 turned nucleic acid amplification test–positive during quarantine, 97.2% with mild or asymptomatic infection, 2.6% with COVID-19 pneumonia, and 0.15% with severe/critical COVID-19. None died. Adjusted VE (aVE) against any infection was 17% for primary series and 22% when boosted. Primary series aVE in adults >18 years was 66% against COVID-19 pneumonia or worse and 91% against severe/critical COVID-19. Booster dose aVE was 74% against pneumonia or worse, and 93% against severe/critical COVID-19. Conclusions Inactivated COVID-19 vaccines provided modest protection from infection, very good protection against pneumonia, and excellent protection against severe/critical COVID-19. Booster doses are necessary to provide strongest protection.
- Subjects
CHINA; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant; BOOSTER vaccines; CORONAVIRUS diseases; VACCINE effectiveness; COHORT analysis
- Publication
Journal of Infectious Diseases, 2023, Vol 228, Issue 3, p261
- ISSN
0022-1899
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/infdis/jiad090