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- Title
Uncovering Signals of Positive Selection in Peruvian Populations from Three Ecological Regions.
- Authors
Caro-Consuegra, Rocio; Nieves-Colón, Maria A; Rawls, Erin; Rubin-de-Celis, Verónica; Lizárraga, Beatriz; Vidaurre, Tatiana; Sandoval, Karla; Fejerman, Laura; Stone, Anne C; Moreno-Estrada, Andrés; Bosch, Elena
- Abstract
Peru hosts extremely diverse ecosystems which can be broadly classified into the following three major ecoregions: the Pacific desert coast, the Andean highlands, and the Amazon rainforest. Since its initial peopling approximately 12,000 years ago, the populations inhabiting such ecoregions might have differentially adapted to their contrasting environmental pressures. Previous studies have described several candidate genes underlying adaptation to hypobaric hypoxia among Andean highlanders. However, the adaptive genetic diversity of coastal and rainforest populations has been less studied. Here, we gathered genome-wide single-nucleotide polymorphism-array data from 286 Peruvians living across the three ecoregions and analyzed signals of recent positive selection through population differentiation and haplotype-based selection scans. Among highland populations, we identify candidate genes related to cardiovascular function (TLL1 , DUSP27 , TBX5, PLXNA4, SGCD), to the Hypoxia-Inducible Factor pathway (TGFA , APIP), to skin pigmentation (MITF), as well as to glucose (GLIS3) and glycogen metabolism (PPP1R3C , GANC). In contrast, most signatures of adaptation in coastal and rainforest populations comprise candidate genes related to the immune system (including SIGLEC8 , TRIM21 , CD44, and ICAM1 in the coast; CBLB and PRDM1 in the rainforest; and BRD2, HLA-DOA, HLA-DPA1 regions in both), possibly as a result of strong pathogen-driven selection. This study identifies candidate genes related to human adaptation to the diverse environments of South America.
- Subjects
PERU; ECOLOGICAL regions; POPULATION differentiation; HYPOXIA-inducible factors; GENETIC variation; HAPLOTYPES; PHYSIOLOGICAL adaptation
- Publication
Molecular Biology & Evolution, 2022, Vol 39, Issue 8, p1
- ISSN
0737-4038
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1093/molbev/msac158