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- Title
Challenges to potassium metabolism: internal distribution and external balance.
- Authors
Giebisch, Gerhard
- Abstract
A complex pump-leak system involving both active and passive transport mechanisms is responsible for the appropriate distribution of potassium (K) between the intra- and extracellular fluid compartments. In addition, the kidneys, and to a lesser extent the colon, safeguard maintenance of the narrow range of low K concentrations in the extracellular fluid. Early renal clearance studies showed that K is normally both reabsorbed and secreted by renal tubules, and that regulated secretion is the major source of K excretion. Net K secretion occurs mainly in principal cells while K absorption takes place in intercalated cells. Studies on single tubules and principal and intercalated cells have defined the determinants of K secretion and reabsorption including the electrochemical driving forces, specific carriers, ATPases, and K channels. Recent studies on the properties and molecular identity of renal K channels have also contributed significantly to understanding the renal mechanisms that transport and regulate K excretion.
- Subjects
KIDNEY tubules; POTASSIUM channels; RENAL tubular transport; ION channels; BRUSH border membrane; CALCIUM-dependent potassium channels
- Publication
Wiener Klinische Wochenschrift, 2004, Vol 116, Issue 11/12, p353
- ISSN
0043-5325
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1007/BF03040914