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- Title
Unleashing diversity through flexibility: The evolutionary journey of sex chromosomes in amphibians and reptiles.
- Authors
Uno, Yoshinobu; Matsubara, Kazumi
- Abstract
Sex determination systems have greatly diversified between amphibians and reptiles, with such as the different sex chromosome compositions within a single species and transition between temperature‐dependent sex determination (TSD) and genetic sex determination (GSD). In most sex chromosome studies on amphibians and reptiles, the whole‐genome sequence of Xenopous tropicalis and chicken have been used as references to compare the chromosome homology of sex chromosomes among each of these taxonomic groups, respectively. In the present study, we reviewed existing reports on sex chromosomes, including karyotypes, in amphibians and reptiles. Furthermore, we compared the identified genetic linkages of sex chromosomes in amphibians and reptiles with the chicken genome as a reference, which is believed to resemble the ancestral tetrapod karyotype. Our findings revealed that sex chromosomes in amphibians are derived from genetic linkages homologous to various chicken chromosomes, even among several frogs within single families, such as Ranidae and Pipidae. In contrast, sex chromosomes in reptiles exhibit conserved genetic linkages with chicken chromosomes, not only across most species within a single family, but also within closely related families. The diversity of sex chromosomes in amphibians and reptiles may be attributed to the flexibility of their sex determination systems, including the ease of sex reversal in these animals. Research Highlights: Particular chicken homologous chromosomes were frequently co‐opted as sex chromosomes in amphibians and reptiles.The sex chromosome diversity in these animals may be attributed to the flexibility of their sex determination systems.
- Subjects
SEX chromosomes; GENETIC sex determination; Y chromosome; TEMPERATURE-dependent sex determination; AMPHIBIANS; ANIMAL diversity
- Publication
Journal of Experimental Zoology: Part A Ecological & Integrative Physiology, 2024, Vol 341, Issue 3, p230
- ISSN
2471-5638
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1002/jez.2776