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- Title
Tall Fescue 'Jesup (Max-Q)': Meloidogyne incognita Development in Roots and Nematotoxicity.
- Authors
Meyer, Susan L. F.; Nyczepir, Andrew P.; Rupprecht, Shannon M.; Mitchell, Ashaki D.; Martin, Phyllis A. W.; Brush, Craig W.; Chitwood, David J.; Vinyard, Bryan T.
- Abstract
Tall fescue [Schedonorus arundinaceus (Schreb.) Dumont. cv. Jesup (Max-Q)] was recently recommended as a preplant ground cover for managing plant-parasitic nematodes on peach trees [Prunus persica (L.) Batsch] in the southeastern United States. Jesup (Max-Q) is associated with a strain of the endosymbiotic fungus Neotyphodium coenophialum that does not produce ergot alkaloids that cause fescue toxicosis. To optimize use of this tall fescue for lowering populations of the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita, greenhouse and laboratory studies were conducted on selected factors potentially contributing to suppression. Tall fescue-derived extracts and exudates were tested for nematotoxicity, and M. incognita life cycle development was compared between susceptible tomato (Solanum esculentum Mill.) and Jesup (Max-Q) roots. The highest tested root and shoot extract concentrations inhibited M. incognita hatch up to 46% compared with controls, and were nematotoxic to the infective second-stage juveniles (J2; up to 66% decrease in viability). Root exudates were nematotoxic to J2 (up to 27% mortality), and inhibited hatch up to 48%. Roots of susceptible tomato plants (controls) had approximately 3 to 7 times more infective J2 than tall fescue roots, 40 to 80 times more females and egg masses, >1800 times more eggs/plant, and 10 to 83 times more galls/ plant. The nature of Jesup (Max-Q) suppression of M. incognita included low J2 penetration rate and failure of infective J2 to complete their life cycle in this cultivar. Compounds derived from Jesup (Max-Q) tall fescue decreased nematode viability, also contributing to M. incognita suppression by this plant.
- Subjects
TALL fescue; PEACH diseases &; pests; BIOLOGICAL control of nematodes; SOUTHERN root-knot nematode; GROUND cover plants; PLANT nematodes
- Publication
Agronomy Journal, 2013, Vol 105, Issue 3, p755
- ISSN
0002-1962
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.2134/agronj2012.0374