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- Title
Biomass Chitosan-Induced Fe<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> Functionalized Halloysite Nanotube Composites: Preparation, Characterization and Flame-Retardant Performance.
- Authors
Zhang, Mengmeng; Cheng, Yamin; Li, Zhiwei; Li, Xiaohong; Yu, Laigui; Zhang, Zhijun
- Abstract
An inorganic–organic nanohybrid flame retardant, HNT@CS@Fe3O4, is prepared by Halloysite nanotubes (HNT) as nanotemplate, chitosan (CS) as char-forming agent and ferroferric oxide (Fe3O 4) playing in a catalytic role, aiming to endow enhanced flame-retardant performance of its nanohybrid. Results show that HNT@CS@Fe3O4 nanohybrids have a corn-like structure and can significantly improve the flame retardancy and thermal stability of epoxy resin (EP). Especially, the initial thermal degradation temperature of EP/HNT@CS@Fe3O4 is significantly improved by 2 4 ∘ C relative to pure EP, and the residual carbon yield under air atmosphere is 8.8 wt.%, which is significantly higher than other EP composites, indicating a higher thermal stability is offered by the as-prepared nanohybrid. The limiting oxygen index of EP/10HNT@CS@Fe3O4 is 31.3%, which is 10.2% higher than that of pure EP. Meanwhile, the HNT@CS@Fe3O4 nanofiller reduces the peak heat release rate, CO production and peak smoke production release of EP nanocomposite by 32.0%, 44.0% and 33.0% in a cone calorimeter test, respectively. This is because the HNT-based composite can form a three-dimensional network structure into the EP matrix to inhibit heat release and diffusion of flammable moieties upon burning of EP. In the meantime, the incorporated Fe3O4 nanoparticle can in situ catalyze the charring of CS and EP matrix on the surface of HNT during the combustion process, which also contributes to the significantly increased fire safety of EP. An inorganic–organic nanohybrid flame retardant with corn-like structure, HNT@CS@Fe3O4, is successfully prepared by halloysite nanotubes (HNT) as nano-template, chitosan (CS) as char-forming agent and ferroferric oxide (Fe3O4) playing a catalytic role. HNT@CS@Fe3O4 nanohybrids significantly improve the flame retardancy of epoxy resin (EP). Excellent flame retardancy is attributed to in-situ charring of CS and EP on the surface of HNT which forms dense and continuous protective layers against the fire.
- Subjects
FIRE resistant polymers; HALLOYSITE; HEAT release rates; FLAMMABILITY; EPOXY resins; FIREPROOFING agents; FIRE prevention
- Publication
NANO, 2019, Vol 14, Issue 12, pN.PAG
- ISSN
1793-2920
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.1142/S1793292019501546