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- Title
MP Allosterically Activates AMPK to Enhance ABCA1 Stability by Retarding the Calpain-Mediated Degradation Pathway.
- Authors
Li, Hui; Wang, Mingchao; Qu, Kai; Xu, Ruiming; Zhu, Haibo
- Abstract
It is widely recognized that macrophage cholesterol efflux mediated by the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) constitutes the initial and rate-limiting step of reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), displaying a negative correlation with the development of atherosclerosis. Although the transcriptional regulation of ABCA1 has been extensively studied in previous research, the impact of post-translational regulation on its expression remains to be elucidated. In this study, we report an AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) agonist called ((2R,3S,4R,5R)-3,4-dihydroxy-5-(6-((3-hydroxyphenyl) amino)-9H-purin-9-yl) tetrahydrofuran-2-yl) methyl dihydrogen phosphate (MP), which enhances ABCA1 expression through post-translational regulation rather than transcriptional regulation. By integrating the findings of multiple experiments, it is confirmed that MP directly binds to AMPK with a moderate binding affinity, subsequently triggering its allosteric activation. Further investigations conducted on macrophages unveil a novel mechanism through which MP modulates ABCA1 expression. Specifically, MP downregulates the Cav1.2 channel to obstruct the influx of extracellular Ca2+, thereby diminishing intracellular Ca2+ levels, suppressing calcium-activated calpain activity, and reducing the interaction strength between calpain and ABCA1. This cascade of events culminates in the deceleration of calpain-mediated degradation of ABCA1. In conclusion, MP emerges as a potentially promising candidate compound for developing agents aimed at enhancing ABCA1 stability and boosting cellular cholesterol efflux and RCT.
- Subjects
AMP-activated protein kinases; ATP-binding cassette transporters; CALPAIN; PROTEIN kinases; GENETIC transcription regulation
- Publication
International Journal of Molecular Sciences, 2023, Vol 24, Issue 24, p17280
- ISSN
1661-6596
- Publication type
Article
- DOI
10.3390/ijms242417280